Dandelion is a widely distributed perennial broadleaf weed found throughout california, except in deserts, to about 1 feet 3300 m. It also contains a high amount of proteins, and carbohydrates. They arent just the annoying weeds standing out in your backyard. Dandelion is a source of various nutrients and biologically active substances and its root and leaves contain vitamins a, k, c and bcomplex, minerals calcium, magnesium, potassium, zinc and iron, micronutrients, fibre, lecithin and choline. Dandelion has a long history of use for problems of the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts. Brief history of taraxacum officinale plant species the name taraxacum established around ad. Dandelion taraxacum officinale flower extract suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and prevents lipid oxidation in vitro. Beneficial uses of dandelion herb taraxacum officinale. Taraxacum dandelion, taraxacum officinale, taraxicum dens leonis, taraxacum dens leonis, taraxacum officinale, pissenlit tarax.
The genus taraxacum has a wide, cosmopolitan distribution, with species found as far afield as mexico and south america. You may know dandelion as a stubborn weed in your garden, but this plant may also benefit your health. The bright yellow flowers and clock seedheads of dandelion taraxacum officinalis make this weed easily recognisable. The gas chromatographymass spectrometry gcms analysis of essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the flower of taraxacum officinale l.
The common dandelion, taraxacum officianale, is generally viewed as an annoying, invasive plant thats challenging to control, but its actually a wonder weed with marvelous health benefits that range from improving digestion to controlling psoriasis. Dandelion taraxacum officinale plant profiler sigma. The traditional chinese medicine uses taraxacum officinale to enhance immune response to the upper. While many people think of the dandelion taraxacum officinale as a pesky weed, it is packed full of vitamins a, b, c, and d, as well as minerals, such as iron, potassium, and zinc. Dandelion herb nutrition facts dandelion herb, revered since earlier times, is one of the most soughtafter greenherbs to enliven your daily meals. Today, the leaf is a popular and nutritious salad ingredient, while roasted. Taraxacum officinale possesses strong medicinal properties and several essential nutrients. More than 500 common names of dandelions like blowball, cankerwort, doonheadclock, witchs gowan, milk witch, lionstooth, yellowgowan, irish daisy, monkshead, priestscrown, and puffball are there and they have been recorded too. Dandelion taraxacum officinale root and leaf have long been revered in herbal medicine across asia, europe, and north america.
Taraxacum officinale supplement health benefits, dosage. In principles and practice of phytotherapy second edition, 20. Dandelion has been used for diuretic, choleretic, antiinflammatory, antioxidative, anticarcinogenic, analgesic, antihyperglycemic, anticoagulatory and prebiotic effects. Dandelion, taraxacum officinale master gardener program. Mature plants arise from a strong, deep taproot that exudes a milky substance when cut. The leaves and roots of the dandelion, or the whole plant, are used fresh or dried in capsules or extracts. Dandelion taraxacum officinale aster family asteraceae description. In seven plants verbena officinalis, lithospermum officinale, taraxacum officinale, equisetum arvense, arctostaphylos uvaursi, arctium lappa and silene saxifraga studied for their effects on experimental risk factors for urinary stones citraturia, calciuria, phosphaturia, ph and diuresis. Dandelion taraxacum officinale is well known because it grows virtually everywhere worldwide and is a very hardy perennial herb. Taraxacum officinale is the most common variety of this plant, and it grows in many parts of the world. Taraxacum officinale benefits, medicinal uses, dosage. It is used around the world for its diuretic effect. In regions where winter is severe, this ritual satisfied the longing to bring fresh greens to the table after a prolonged diet of stored vegetables.
Pdf dandelion taraxacum officinale and t mongolicum. Taraxacum officinale is well known for its antioxidant activity, having a high content of polyphenols such as sesquiterpene, lactones, phenylpropanoids, triterpenoid saponins and polysaccharides. Animal studies show that dandelion may help in the treatment of diabetes 1. Here are potential health benefits of dandelion, and what science has to say about them. Common dandelion taraxacum officinale uses, research, side. Taraxacum officinale contains chemicals that may increase urine production and decrease pain and swelling. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydro alcoholic extract on blood cells in mice. Today, dandelion as a dietary supplement is used as a blood tonic, as a diuretic, for minor digestive problems, and for other purposes. It consists of a complex of biotypes that vary with environmental conditions and is a common weed of mountain meadows and turf, especially in southern california. Taraxacum officinale health effects and herbal facts. Dandelion leaves can be used to add flavor to salads, sandwiches, and teas. Dandelions are scientifically called taraxacum officinale. Dandelion is sometimes used as a salad green, and has limited traditional use in east asian countries.
The stems can be tinted purplish, they are upright or lax, and produce flower heads that are held as. It grows to a height of about 12 inches, with oblong, deeply toothed, hairless green leaves and distinctive yellow flowers that bloom yearround. Dandelion is a persistent, perennial weed of lawns, borders and hard surfaces. Taraxacum officinale health effects and herbal facts medical use abscess alterative aperient apertif bactericide bilious bitesnake bitterprinciple bruise cancer cancerbreast canceresophagus caries catarrh cholagogue coffee depurative diuretic dyspepsia galactogogue heart heartburn hepatitis inappetence intoxicant jaundice kidney laxative. Dandelion has anticarcinogenic, estrogen lowering, and blood cholesterollowering capabilities. Chakurski et al treated 24 patients with chronic nonspecific colitis with an herbal combination consisting of taraxacum officinale, hypericum perforatum, melissa officinalis, calendula officinalis, and foeniculum vulgare.
Taraxacum officinale grows from generally unbranched taproots and produces one to more than ten stems that are typically 540 cm 2. Review article dandelion taraxacum officinale and t mongolicum eric yarnell, nd, rh ahg, and kathy abascal, jd, rh ahg d andelion taraxacum spp is used in many traditional and modern herbal medical systems, as has been documented particularly in asia, europe, and north america. Plants profile for taraxacum officinale officinale common. The effect of taraxacum officinale hydroalcoholic extract on blood cells in. Check with your healthcare professional before using herbs or herbal supplements.
In turkish folk medicine, the herb is used as a laxative, diuretic and potent antidiabetic medicine 2. The typical basal leaf is broader toward its outer tip than at the base oblanceolate in outline, although it is more or less lobed pinnatifid along its. Taraxacum officinale, also known as dandelion, is a vegetable that most people call a weed. This herbaceous perennial plant consists of a rosette of basal leaves and occasional flowering stalks. Common dandelion is primarily adapted to fire through its prolific production of winddispersed seed 123. It is rich in iron, magnesium, sodium, calcium, potassium as well as vitamin c.
Dandelions are particularly troublesome in lawns but have many herbal uses and are a good early source of nectar and pollen for insects. The modern latin or scientific name, taraxacum officinale, has reference to the plants use as a healing herb. Common dandelion is a component of diverse ecosystems in boreal and temperate regions with variable fire regimes. Taraxacum officinale complex has also been used to improve the mycorrhizal colonization of maize, and this resulted in the maize having higher p content, shoot dry weight and yield compared to that provided by winter wheat as a cover crop kabir and koide, 2000. Weber asteraceae, commonly known as dandelion, herba taraxaci, or taraxacum herba. This common flowering herb is a part of the sunflower family. Dandelion root taraxacum officinale herbal monograph. Wigg have been used as medicinal infusions and decoctions of root and herb 1. Digging for dandelions taraxacum officinale was still a spring ritual in the late 1960s in northern vermont. Dandelion or taraxacum officinale is a wellknown medicinal plant that grows naturally in europe, north and south america and asia.
Dandelion taraxacum officinale is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family asteraceae and has medicinal and culinary uses. Dandelion as a medicine was first mentioned in the works of the arabian physicians of the tenth and eleventh centuries, who speak of it as a sort of wild endive, under the name of taraxcacon. The above ground parts are used as natural herbal supplements and for many conditions. Dandelion has been used as a remedy for anemia, purifing the blood, and providing immune modulation. Taraxacum species taraxacum officinale name synonyms chondrilla taraxacum l. Compositae perennial form appearance dandelion is a widely distributed perennial, herbaceous weed. This ubiquitous yellow flower seems to spring up overnight to create a cheerful floral display followed by billowy seed heads floating on long stalks above the ground. Species of taraxacum have been employed as a diuretic for over 2000 years in both traditional chinese medicine and in ayurvedic medicine. Effects of portulaca oleracae kulfa and taraxacum officinale dhudhal in normoglycaemic and alloxantreated hyperglycaemic rabbits. The diuretic effect in human subjects of an extract of. Traditionally, dandelion has been used primarily to promote digestion and support the liver. Taraxacum officinale restores inhibition of nitric oxide production by cadmium in mouse peritoneal macrophages. The effect of taraxacum officinale hydroalcoholic extract.
The genus name comes from the greek taraxosa disorderand akosa remedy. The species name, officinale, means it is the official species for use in medicine. Taraxacum officinale as a food source article pdf available in plant foods for human nutrition 583. Taraxacum officinale in combination with other medicinal plants might be an effective intervention in chronic colitis. Under the microscope, transverse sections of the root of taraxacum show a porous, pale yellow wood from 1 to 4 mm.
Plants profile for taraxacum officinale common dandelion. Simplexes are available as 100 sweet sucrose pills per vial lactose and gluten free, or liquid remedies 120 doses per bottle, mildtasting waterethanol mix. The root is primarily considered a gastrointestinal remedy. Roots dandelions have deep tap roots that can penetrate through most soil profiles. It also helps with headaches, emotional swings before or during menstruation, acne, red, irritated eyes, mood swings, and other problems related to liver heat and is a strong diuretic. There is little evidence that it is effective for any condition. In traditional medicine, these were known to have been used for their medicinal properties. Taraxacum officinale an overview sciencedirect topics.
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